{"id":16834,"date":"2024-09-10T12:45:44","date_gmt":"2024-09-10T09:45:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/bitcoins-power-law-and-where-kaspa-fits-in-viabtc-explains\/"},"modified":"2024-09-10T12:45:44","modified_gmt":"2024-09-10T09:45:44","slug":"bitcoins-power-law-and-where-kaspa-fits-in-viabtc-explains","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/bitcoins-power-law-and-where-kaspa-fits-in-viabtc-explains\/","title":{"rendered":"Bitcoin\u2019s power law and where Kaspa fits in \u2014 ViaBTC explains"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In 2024, ViaBTC <a class=\"tracking_link\" href=\"https:\/\/miningpoolstats.stream\/kaspa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">entered<\/a> the top five pools mining Kaspa (KAS). By September its hashrate on the network reached 70 PH\/s.<\/p>\n<p>At the same time, a Power Law Theory (PLT) emerged in the community, projecting bitcoin\u2019s price in line with the <a class=\"tracking_link\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">power law<\/a>. It quickly gained traction as an alternative to the much-criticised stock-to-flow model.<\/p>\n<p>Together with the <a class=\"tracking_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.viabtc.com\/s\/Ieq4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ViaBTC<\/a> team, we outline PLT for bitcoin and explain why the power law may also apply to Kaspa.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Power law in bitcoin<\/h2>\n<p>PLT was devised by Giovanni Santostasi, a PhD in astrophysics. In March 2024 he <a class=\"tracking_link\" href=\"https:\/\/giovannisantostasi.medium.com\/the-bitcoin-power-law-theory-962dfaf99ee9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">published<\/a> The Bitcoin Power Law Theory, setting out the model\u2019s foundations.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\n<cite>\u201cI started studying bitcoin 12 years ago. Instead of journals, I chose Reddit as the place to publish my research. I wanted to reach the broader bitcoin community rather than publish a paper that only professional scientists would read,\u201d the article said.<\/cite><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Santostasi saw a link between bitcoin and the power law when he noticed the cryptocurrency\u2019s price traced a straight line on a logarithmic chart. In January 2024 he posted on r\/Bitcoin.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\n<cite>\u201cFive years ago I made a <a class=\"tracking_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/Bitcoin\/comments\/9cqi0k\/bitcoin_power_law_over_10_year_period_all_the_way\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">post<\/a> in this subreddit showing that BTC is a power law: price = A * days ^ n, (days since the genesis block), n = 5.8. Many did not believe me and said that the past does not predict the future. Well, five years later it turns out that BTC continues to behave according to a Power Law with a similar exponent. The power law is not yet another formula or model, but the same mathematical behaviour that underlies the formation of rivers, the growth of mountains, the development of cities, the relationship between GDP and population, the speed of metabolism. Like bitcoin, all the most important things follow a power law,\u201d he said.<\/cite><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"335\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/image2-370-1024x335.png\" alt=\"image2-370\" class=\"wp-image-240768\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/image2-370-1024x335.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/image2-370-300x98.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/image2-370-768x251.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/image2-370-1536x502.png 1536w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/image2-370.png 1999w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">PLT in bitcoin. Data: <a class=\"tracking_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/Bitcoin\/comments\/18z04kp\/15_years_of_btc_power_law\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reddit<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>As an illustrative example of the power law, Santostasi cited the <a class=\"tracking_link\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0#%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">harmonic law<\/a>:<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\n<cite>\u201cKepler spent many years searching for a mathematical law that could describe the orbits of planets. He tried everything known at the time, for example fitting Platonic solids to each orbit and using many other esoteric mathematical tricks, which led nowhere. But he was convinced there was great harmony in the motion of the planets. Newly invented logarithms were very fashionable at the time, so in desperation he decided to plot the dependence of a planet\u2019s orbital radius on the time it takes the planet to go around the Sun. He was astonished to find that on this strange chart everything <a class=\"tracking_link\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.sas.com\/content\/iml\/2016\/12\/05\/power-law-log-transform-data.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">looked like a straight line<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The same chart is shown above. Of course, it is much cleaner and more precise for planets, given that the Solar System is a deterministic system, not a stochastic one like bitcoin. But the overall trend of BTC also seems deterministic and predictable.\u201d<br \/>\n<\/cite><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Giovanni\u2019s son, Saverio Santostasi, posted a <a class=\"tracking_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=DYfLbCZJWqY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">video<\/a> on YouTube demonstrating bitcoin\u2019s adherence to the power law. According to the model, bitcoin will reach $1m no later than 2036.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">There&#8217;s a line that bitcoin&#8217;s price shall not pass. A lower bound on price, a power law. <\/p>\n<p>Time contours tell us how long it will be before the support forces current prices upwards. <\/p>\n<p>For 12 years, every bear market has returned to this support line.<\/p>\n<p>The support passes one\u2026 <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/Jfz98ef1eQ\">pic.twitter.com\/Jfz98ef1eQ<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u2014 apsk32 (@apsk32) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/apsk32\/status\/1804669080768598231?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">June 23, 2024<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p> <script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Bitcoin enthusiast Gianluca Tassara created <a class=\"tracking_link\" href=\"https:\/\/bitcoinfairprice.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BitcoinFairPrice<\/a>, a calculator that estimates bitcoin\u2019s \u201cfair price\u201d on a given date according to PLT.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kaspa and the power law<\/h2>\n<p>Kaspa is a Proof-of-Work (PoW) cryptocurrency implementing the <a class=\"tracking_link\" href=\"https:\/\/eprint.iacr.org\/2018\/104.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GHOSTDAG<\/a> protocol, \u201ctrue to the spirit of bitcoin\u201d. At the time of publication it ranked 26th on CoinGecko with a market capitalisation of about $4bn. <\/p>\n<p>The Kaspa blockchain launched in January 2021 with no <a class=\"tracking_link\" href=\"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/tokenomics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">premine<\/a> and a capped supply of 28.7bn KAS. Thanks to GHOSTDAG, the network produces one block per second while preserving PoW security. In future this could rise to 10 or even 100 blocks per second.   <\/p>\n<p>Some in the Kaspa community, such as <a class=\"tracking_link\" href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/MikoGenno\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Plan K<\/a>, argue it is the only cryptocurrency, alongside bitcoin, that conforms to a power law. <\/p>\n<p>In February 2024 a user going by Chancellor <a class=\"tracking_link\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@chancelloronbrinkofbailout\/bitcoin-kaspa-dacc84b6d65d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">published<\/a> a detailed analysis of applying PLT to Kaspa.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\n<cite>\u201cAs a rule, altcoins move in tandem with bitcoin, and since bitcoin has been in a bear market for the past two years, it is quite surprising that Kaspa has shown such huge growth,\u201d he noted.<\/cite><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>As of 10 September 2024, KAS was trading at $0.16. Over the past year the cryptocurrency gained 360%.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"317\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/image1-598-1024x317.png\" alt=\"image1-598\" class=\"wp-image-240769\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/image1-598-1024x317.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/image1-598-300x93.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/image1-598-768x238.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/image1-598-1536x475.png 1536w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/image1-598.png 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">PLT in Kaspa. Data: <a class=\"tracking_link\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@chancelloronbrinkofbailout\/bitcoin-kaspa-dacc84b6d65d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Medium<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>According to Chancellor, Kaspa\u2019s price will reach $1 no earlier than 2026 but no later than the end of 2027, and $10 between 2034 and 2036.<\/p>\n<p>In June 2024 a developer known as xetur launched a counterpart to BitcoinFairPrice \u2014 the <a class=\"tracking_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kaspapowerlaw.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KaspaPowerLaw<\/a> calculator, which estimates KAS\u2019s \u201cfair value\u201d. He also created the <a class=\"tracking_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kasparainbowchart.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kaspa Rainbow Chart<\/a>, which tracks KAS\u2019s price in line with PLT.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"478\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/image3-201-1024x478.png\" alt=\"image3-201\" class=\"wp-image-240770\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/image3-201-1024x478.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/image3-201-300x140.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/image3-201-768x358.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/image3-201-1536x716.png 1536w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/image3-201.png 1756w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Data: <a class=\"tracking_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kasparainbowchart.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kaspa Rainbow Chart<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>According to <a class=\"tracking_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.viabtc.com\/s\/Ieq4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ViaBTC<\/a> CEO Haipo Yang, Kaspa is one of the most interesting PoW cryptocurrencies.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\n<cite><em>\u201cWe have devoted a lot of time and resources to mining KAS, which allowed us to take a leading position in producing this coin quite quickly. Among the ten largest Kaspa pools, we are the only one to offer the <span data-descr=\"users receive rewards for each share even if a block is not found, while the pool charges fees only when a block is successfully found\" class=\"old_tooltip\">PPS<\/span>+ payout model,\u201d he said.<\/em><\/cite><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusions<\/h2>\n<p>Giovanni Santostasi has proposed an intriguing model for bitcoin\u2019s price, making him a popular figure in the community. He often gives <a class=\"tracking_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=XW1GUeBe0Rs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">interviews<\/a> explaining the elegance of PLT.\n<\/p>\n<p>Bear in mind that past performance does not guarantee future results \u2014 markets are inherently unpredictable. Any model can be broken by unforeseen events. Even so, the power law can serve as one guide to the future of bitcoin and, perhaps, Kaspa.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In 2024, ViaBTC entered the top five pools mining Kaspa (KAS). By September its hashrate on the network reached 70 PH\/s. At the same time, a Power Law Theory (PLT) emerged in the community, projecting bitcoin\u2019s price in line with the power law. It quickly gained traction as an alternative to the much-criticised stock-to-flow model. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16833,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"select":"","news_style_id":"","cryptorium_level":"","_short_excerpt_text":"","creation_source":"","_metatest_mainpost_news_update":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1144],"tags":[18,1671,1511],"class_list":["post-16834","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-longreads","tag-bitcoin","tag-kaspa","tag-viabtc"],"aioseo_notices":[],"amp_enabled":true,"views":"90","promo_type":"","layout_type":"","short_excerpt":"","is_update":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16834","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16834"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16834\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16833"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16834"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16834"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16834"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}