{"id":37831,"date":"2022-10-12T14:05:07","date_gmt":"2022-10-12T11:05:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/?p=37831"},"modified":"2025-08-29T22:12:23","modified_gmt":"2025-08-29T19:12:23","slug":"aptos-the-next-generation-of-blockchain-platforms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/aptos-the-next-generation-of-blockchain-platforms\/","title":{"rendered":"Aptos: the next generation of blockchain platforms?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-text-wrappers-cards single_card\">\n<h2 class=\"card_label\">Key points<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Aptos is a blockchain platform built on the AptosBFT consensus algorithm. It uses the bespoke Move programming language to create smart contracts.<\/li>\n<li>The project was founded by former staff of Diem (formerly Libra), Meta\u2019s blockchain that was shut down in early 2022. Move was originally developed for Diem.<\/li>\n<li>Developers say parallel execution enables Aptos to reach over 160,000 transactions per second.<\/li>\n<li>In 2022 the team raised $350m. The Aptos blockchain is in its final testing phase, with mainnet planned for launch by end\u20112022.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-text-wrappers-cards single_card\">\n<h2 class=\"card_label\">Project history<\/h2>\n<p>The project is led by former Meta employees who had worked since 2018 on Libra, later <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/libra-association-renamed-to-diem-association\">renamed<\/a> to Diem in 2020. Meta planned to integrate the Diem blockchain and cryptocurrency into Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp. The project, however, collapsed under regulatory pressure. In February 2022 it was sold to Silvergate Capital Corporation, reportedly for $200m.<\/p>\n<p>Soon after, former Meta partnerships lead Mo Shaikh and blockchain engineering head Avery Ching founded Aptos Labs. Many others who had worked on Diem also <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/aptoslabs\/the-genesis-of-aptos-ff98d86e9445#:~:text=The%20rest%20of,and%20Zekun%20Li.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">joined<\/a> the Aptos team.<\/p>\n<p>In 2022 the Aptos blockchain project raised $350m across two funding rounds. The March 2022 seed round totalled $200m, led by Andreessen Horowitz with participation from Multicoin Capital, Coinbase Ventures, Tiger Global, FTX Ventures, Paxos and others. The $150m Series A in July 2022 was led by FTX Ventures and Jump Crypto. In September 2022 Binance Labs invested in Aptos; the amount was not disclosed.<\/p>\n<p>Aptos is currently undergoing several testing phases, and no firm mainnet date has been named. Token Insight, citing the project\u2019s Discord, <a href=\"https:\/\/tokeninsight.com\/en\/news\/aptos-mainnet-launch-planned-for-september-23rd-to-december-22nd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">reported<\/a> it should happen by 22 December 2022 (the post was later deleted).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-text-wrappers-cards single_card\">\n<h2 class=\"card_label\">How testing works<\/h2>\n<p>Public testing of the Aptos network began in May 2022. According to the <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/aptoslabs\/aptos-incentivized-testnet-roadmap-209be695c77c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">roadmap<\/a>, it is split into several stages with specific goals:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Aptos Incentivized Testnet 1 (AIT1). <a href=\"https:\/\/aptoslabs.com\/community\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Registration<\/a> of initial participants, launch of a limited node network, and validator documentation. Completed <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/aptoslabs\/completing-ait1-ait2-in-hot-pursuit-3f159f4bfb8b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">in June<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>AIT2. Testing staking mechanisms and validator incentives via \u201cdecentralised faucets\u201d. Completed <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/aptoslabs\/aptos-incentivized-testnet-2-highlights-and-updates-ee478eace33c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">in August<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>AIT3. Introduced on\u2011chain voting and mechanisms to onboard new validators. Successfully completed in mid\u2011September.<\/li>\n<li>AIT4. Stress\u2011testing validators ahead of mainnet. <a href=\"https:\/\/aptoslabs.medium.com\/the-journey-from-ait3-to-longevity-testnet-6d888885a7d0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Started<\/a> in mid\u2011September 2022.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>At each stage, participants were offered rewards in test Aptos tokens for completing set tasks. After launch, they will be exchanged for the project\u2019s cryptocurrency issued on mainnet. Detailed <a href=\"https:\/\/aptos.dev\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">technical documentation<\/a> is available for anyone wishing to take part in testing.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-text-wrappers-cards single_card\">\n<h2 class=\"card_label\">Features of the Aptos blockchain<\/h2>\n<p>Aptos is designed as a flexible, easily upgradable platform for the ever\u2011shifting Web3 landscape. As the developers state in the project\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/aptos.dev\/aptos-white-paper\/aptos-white-paper-index\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">whitepaper<\/a>, Aptos combines consensus, a new smart\u2011contract design, security, performance and decentralisation in a novel way.<\/p>\n<p>User, application and smart\u2011contract interactions are powered by the Move VM, which aims to challenge the \u201cmonopoly\u201d of the <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/what-is-the-ethereum-virtual-machine-evm\">Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)<\/a>. By the <a href=\"https:\/\/pontem.network\/posts\/the-future-of-pontem-with-aptos\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">account<\/a> of the Pontem team developing Move, Aptos\u2019s virtual machine could become a standard for integrating applications from <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/what-is-cosmos-atom\">Cosmos<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/what-is-solana-sol\">Solana<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/what-is-polkadot-dot\">Polkadot<\/a> and even Ethereum.<\/p>\n<p>The Aptos blockchain uses the <a href=\"https:\/\/aptos.dev\/reference\/glossary\/#:~:text=Byzantine%20Fault%20Tolerance%20(BFT)%20is,consensus%20protocol%20based%20on%20HotStuff.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">AptosBFT<\/a> consensus algorithm, based on HotStuff\u2014an implementation of Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) created <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/ontologynetwork\/hotstuff-the-consensus-protocol-behind-facebooks-librabft-a5503680b151\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">specifically for Diem<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>BFT provides strong protection against malicious behaviour, allowing the network to function even if a third of validators are compromised or fail. This consensus mechanism is also used by blockchains such as <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/what-is-hedera-hashgraph-hbar\">Hedera Hashgraph<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/what-is-cosmos-atom\">Cosmos<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/what-is-solana-sol\">Solana<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/what-is-everscale-ever\">Everscale<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>According to Aptos Labs engineer Joshua Lind, test results <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/aptoslabs\/the-evolution-of-state-sync-the-path-to-100k-transactions-per-second-with-sub-second-latency-at-52e25a2c6f10\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">showed<\/a> that, thanks to modular design and parallel execution, Aptos can process over 100,000 transactions per second (TPS) without sacrificing security or decentralisation. Transaction finality\u2014ie, the time between submission and execution\u2014is under one second.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-text-wrappers-cards single_card\">\n<h2 class=\"card_label\">Aptos architecture<\/h2>\n<p>The Aptos network has not been officially launched and, at the time of writing, remains in testing. For that reason, the advantages described in the <a href=\"https:\/\/aptos.dev\/assets\/files\/Aptos-Whitepaper-47099b4b907b432f81fc0effd34f3b6a.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">technical documentation<\/a> cannot yet be validated by empirical data. Even so, the key points are:<\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Move programming language is suited to fast, safe transaction execution, allowing developers to better protect their software from malicious code;<\/li>\n<li>Flexible private\u2011key management and pre\u2011execution transaction previews offer a better user experience;<\/li>\n<li>High throughput and low latency are enabled by parallel transaction processing\u2014<a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/aptoslabs\/block-stm-how-we-execute-over-160k-transactions-per-second-on-the-aptos-blockchain-3b003657e4ba\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Block\u2011STM<\/a>. By the team\u2019s estimates, it can push Aptos\u2019s performance beyond 160,000 TPS.<\/li>\n<li>Aptos\u2019s modularity allows the blockchain to be segmented for rapid deployment of applications and new Web3 use cases. It also enables testing and protocol\u2011level upgrades without halting the network.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"686\" height=\"381\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/aptos-fl-1.png\" alt=\"Aptos blockchain and cryptocurrency: what it is and how it works\" class=\"wp-image-187468\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/aptos-fl-1.png 686w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/aptos-fl-1-300x167.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 686px) 100vw, 686px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Diagram of the Aptos ecosystem. Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/aptos.dev\/assets\/files\/Aptos-Whitepaper-47099b4b907b432f81fc0effd34f3b6a.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Aptos whitepaper<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The architecture of Aptos envisages participation at different levels and with distinct roles to ensure integrity:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Validators<\/strong> form the blockchain, confirming user transactions and producing blocks via the consensus process.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Coin holders<\/strong> lock or delegate their funds to addresses of chosen validators.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Clients<\/strong> are any components that submit transactions, request blockchain history or other data.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><strong>Light clients<\/strong> maintain a limited set of current validators and can securely request partial blockchain state from full nodes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Full nodes<\/strong> are clients that replicate transaction and blockchain state from validators or other full nodes on the network.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-text-wrappers-cards single_card\">\n<h2 class=\"card_label\">The Aptos cryptocurrency<\/h2>\n<p>Aptos will have a native cryptocurrency of the same name. At the time of writing the Aptos blockchain has not launched, and no tokenomics have been disclosed. The Aptos documentation nonetheless lists several key uses for the coin:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Transaction fees.<\/strong> As with other blockchains, the cryptocurrency will be used to pay transaction fees.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Governance.<\/strong> APTOS will be used in voting on upgrades and other protocol\u2011governance matters.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Staking.<\/strong> The Aptos cryptocurrency can be staked to earn additional income.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-text-wrappers-cards single_card\">\n<h2 class=\"card_label\">How the Aptos ecosystem is developing<\/h2>\n<p>One early initiative at the start of testing was close collaboration with <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/aptoslabs\/aptos-labs-partners-with-google-cloud-to-enable-further-decentralization-of-the-aptos-network-f6eae47d4c65\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Google Cloud<\/a> in April 2022, which helped enable node deployment in 15 minutes in the cloud.<\/p>\n<p>By late June 2022, more than 100 projects were being <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/aptoslabs\/announcing-the-aptos-grant-program-7654b92e22a1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">built<\/a> in the Aptos ecosystem across popular sectors such as DeFi, NFTs and blockchain gaming. The Aptos team also highlighted developer communities contributing to the ecosystem: <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/PontemNetwork\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pontem Network<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/nutriosProject\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Nutrios<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/paymagic_\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">PayMagic<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/martian_wallet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">MartianDAO<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/SolriseFinance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Solrise<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>To bridge DeFi applications and improve the user experience in Web3, the LayerZero team announced integration of its cross\u2011chain protocol with the Aptos platform.<\/p>\n<p>Scale3 Labs, a startup founded by former Coinbase specialists, announced plans to build infrastructure solutions for Aptos. The project aims to provide tools for uninterrupted operation by node operators.<\/p>\n<p>Based on the available documentation, several applications are already being developed on Aptos:<\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The decentralised exchange <a href=\"https:\/\/liquidswap.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Liquidswap<\/a>, developed by the Pontem team. The protocol will use a standard automated market\u2011maker (AMM) mechanism.<\/li>\n<li>The Blocto wallet will <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.portto.com\/with-blocto-go-from-zero-to-aptos-wallet-in-30-seconds-e99e7856cb52\">integrate<\/a> the Aptos blockchain. Beyond storage and transfers, staking of the project\u2019s cryptocurrency will also be available.<\/li>\n<li>In <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/what-is-liquid-staking\">liquid staking<\/a>, two applications are active\u2014<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dittofinance.io\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ditto<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/tortuga.finance\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tortuga Finance<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>For NFTs, the marketplace is <a href=\"https:\/\/topaz.so\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Topaz<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aptoslauncher.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Aptos Launcher<\/a> platform, built using smart contracts, is designed for crowdfunding projects on Aptos.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-text-wrappers-cards single_card\">\n<h2 class=\"card_label\">Further reading<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/what-is-a-dao-decentralised-autonomous-organisation\">What is a DAO (decentralised autonomous organisation)?<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/proof-of-stake-how-it-works-and-why-it-is-so-popular\">The Proof\u2011of\u2011Stake (PoS) consensus algorithm: how does it work and why is it so popular?<\/a><\/p>\n<p>What are sidechains and how do they work?<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/flow-blockchain-and-token-an-l1-for-nfts-and-gamefi\">Flow blockchain and cryptocurrency: a review of the L1 platform for NFTs and GameFi<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/what-is-a-layer%e2%80%912-solution-in-blockchain\">What is a layer\u2011two (Layer 2) solution in blockchain?<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Who founded Aptos? How does it differ from existing blockchain platforms? When is the Aptos mainnet expected to launch? We answer these and other questions in the \u201cCryptorium\u201d article.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":37832,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"select":"1","news_style_id":"1","cryptorium_level":"3","_short_excerpt_text":"","creation_source":"","_metatest_mainpost_news_update":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2113],"tags":[2117,1393,1652],"class_list":["post-37831","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cryptorium","tag-101-altcoins","tag-aptos-apt","tag-blockchain-platforms"],"aioseo_notices":[],"amp_enabled":true,"views":"124","promo_type":"1","layout_type":"1","short_excerpt":"","is_update":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37831","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37831"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37831\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37833,"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37831\/revisions\/37833"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/37832"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37831"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37831"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37831"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}