{"id":72437,"date":"2023-01-12T16:12:54","date_gmt":"2023-01-12T14:12:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/?p=72437"},"modified":"2025-09-08T15:13:14","modified_gmt":"2025-09-08T12:13:14","slug":"2022-in-figures-bitcoin-crash-ftx-collapse-and-the-rise-of-l2-solutions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/2022-in-figures-bitcoin-crash-ftx-collapse-and-the-rise-of-l2-solutions\/","title":{"rendered":"2022 in figures: Bitcoin crash, FTX collapse and the rise of L2 solutions"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-top-blk review_top_blk\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The year 2022 will be remembered for a broad market correction, with the second quarter marking Bitcoin&#8217;s worst performance on record.<\/li>\n<li>On\u2011chain indicators signal a \u201creset\u201d for the market after a prolonged decline.<\/li>\n<li>The number of addresses with \u2265 1 BTC continues to grow exponentially.<\/li>\n<li>Bitcoin hashrate and mining difficulty rose by almost 50% over the year.<\/li>\n<li>Bitcoin miners\u2019 revenue fell by 43%.<\/li>\n<li>Trading volume on spot exchanges fell by 50%, while in the DEX segment it declined by 32%.<\/li>\n<li>The community witnessed the collapse of the algorithmic stablecoin UST with a market cap of $18 billion.<\/li>\n<li>The Grayscale GBTC discount fell to a record 48%.<\/li>\n<li>Ethereum issuance pace slowed significantly amid the network\u2019s transition to the Proof-of-Stake consensus.<\/li>\n<li>Over 12 months the volume of assets locked in DeFi smart contracts fell by 75%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Leading asset dynamics<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Btc-67-1024x489.png\" alt=\"Btc-67\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Daily BTC\/USDT chart on the Binance exchange. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/ru.tradingview.com\/symbols\/BTCUSDT\/\">TradingView<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Eth-61-1024x489.png\" alt=\"Eth-61\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Daily ETH\/USDT chart on the Binance exchange. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/ru.tradingview.com\/symbols\/ETHUSDT\/\">TradingView<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>2022 was a challenging year for the leading cryptocurrencies and the market as a whole. After peaking in November 2021, Bitcoin and Ethereum retraced during the year, falling 64.2% and 67.4% from their highs respectively. Total market capitalization declined from $2.2 trillion to $820 billion.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-bitkoina-1024x451.png\" alt=\"Dinamika-bitkoina\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Monthly dynamics of Bitcoin and Ethereum by month. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.coinglass.com\/today\">Coinglass<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-ethereum-1024x351.png\" alt=\"Dinamika-ethereum\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>A closer look shows that the summer period was the weakest for the leading cryptocurrencies, with the second quarter recording an all-time low. The annual lows were Bitcoin at $15,476 in November and Ethereum at $881 in June.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gainers-30-1024x250.png\" alt=\"Gainers-30\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Gainers &#038; Losers of 2022 (projects with market cap over $200m and daily trading volume over $1m). Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/messari.io\/screener\/monthly-gainers-(copy)-E99DF2E8\">Messari<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Losers-29-1024x250.png\" alt=\"Losers-29\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Against a backdrop of a crisis of trust in centralized exchanges, triggered by the collapse of several firms and the once-dominant platform FTX, non-custodial wallets such as Trust Wallet gained popularity. Notably, the utility token of the Trust Wallet project (TWT) was the only mid-cap asset to post a year-on-year gain of more than 120%. The native token of the OKX exchange (OKB) also showed positive momentum.<\/p>\n<p>The list of underperformers in 2022 was even more striking. Led by the collapsed Terra ecosystem\u2019s LUNA <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/terras-death-spiral-how-and-why-luna-and-ust-collapsed\">collapsed Terra ecosystem<\/a>, whose collapse sparked the largest crisis. The stablecoin TerraUSD (UST) is also listed here. You can read about those days <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/may-2022-in-numbers-terra-collapse-bitcoins-local-bottom-and-defi-liquidity-outflows\">in the May review<\/a>. Among other underperformers that shed around 90% of market cap were Flow, Solana, Fantom, Axie Infinity, Sandbox, Gala and others.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Image27-1024x657.png\" alt=\"Image27\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Daily dynamics of publicly traded miners in 2022. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/LuxorTechTeam\/with_replies\">Luxor<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk\">\n<h3>Publicly traded mining and crypto-related firms<\/h3>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-thirds-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-third review_half\">\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>MicroStrategy (<a href=\"https:\/\/ru.tradingview.com\/symbols\/NASDAQ-MSTR\/\">MSTR<\/a>): <br \/><span style=\"color: #FA0021\">-74.3%<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-third review_half\">\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>Coinbase (<a href=\"https:\/\/ru.tradingview.com\/symbols\/NASDAQ-COIN\/\">COIN<\/a>): <br \/><span style=\"color: #FA0021\">-86.2%<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-thirds-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-third review_half\">\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>Bakkt (<a href=\"https:\/\/ru.tradingview.com\/symbols\/NYSE-BKKT\/\">BKKT<\/a>): <br \/><span style=\"color: #FA0021\">-86.1%<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-third review_half\">\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>Galaxy Digital (<a href=\"https:\/\/ru.tradingview.com\/symbols\/TSX-GLXY\/\">GLXY<\/a>): <br \/><span style=\"color: #FA0021\">-33.2%<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<p>2022 proved to be a real test for publicly traded miners and crypto-related companies. Higher mining costs, energy pressures and the inability to meet debt obligations due to falling prices <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/survival-game-what-happened-to-the-mining-industry-in-2022\">exacerbated<\/a> an already bleak situation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Market mood, correlations and volatility<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-indeksa-straha-i-zhadnosti-13-1024x489.png\" alt=\"Dinamika-indeksa-straha-i-zhadnosti-13\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Dynamics of the Fear &#038; Greed Index. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/alternative.me\/crypto\/fear-and-greed-index\/\">alternative.me<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Indeks-straha-i-zhadnosti2-8.webp\" alt=\"Indeks-straha-i-zhadnosti2-8\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Since April 2022 the Fear and Greed Index has largely stayed in the \u201cFear\u201d zone, briefly touching the neutral range only once. The period\u2019s average reading was 25.2.<\/li>\n<li>The indicator\u2019s maximum reading was recorded at the end of March when Bitcoin prices <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/bitcoin-price-breaches-the-47000-level\">surpassed<\/a> the $47,000 level. The nadir occurred in mid\u2011June \u2014 when Bitcoin fell <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/bitcoin-price-slips-below-the-20000-psychological-level\">below<\/a> the peak of the previous cycle ($20,000).<\/li>\n<li>Investor sentiment was influenced not only by intra-market events (<a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/terras-death-spiral-how-and-why-luna-and-ust-collapsed\">Terra collapse<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/how-the-collapse-of-ftx-and-alameda-research-will-affect-the-crypto-industry\">FTX collapse<\/a>) but also by macroeconomic factors (the U.S. Federal Reserve\u2019s policy). <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">On-chain data<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"685\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Realised-cap-hodl-waves-1024x685.png\" alt=\"Realised-cap-hodl-waves\" class=\"wp-image-195118\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Realised-cap-hodl-waves-1024x685.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Realised-cap-hodl-waves-300x201.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Realised-cap-hodl-waves-768x514.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Realised-cap-hodl-waves-1536x1027.png 1536w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Realised-cap-hodl-waves-2048x1370.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bitcoin\u2019s realized-cap HODL waves. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lookintobitcoin.com\/charts\/realized-cap-hodl-waves\/\">Look Into Bitcoin<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"514\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/The-puell-multiple-1-1024x514.png\" alt=\"The-puell-multiple-1\" class=\"wp-image-195119\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/The-puell-multiple-1-1024x514.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/The-puell-multiple-1-300x151.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/The-puell-multiple-1-768x386.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/The-puell-multiple-1.png 1105w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Puell Multiple indicator. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lookintobitcoin.com\/charts\/puell-multiple\/\">Look Into Bitcoin<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bitcoin\u2019s realized-price weighted HODL waves point to a full \u201creset\u201d of the market after the late-2021 peak (red and yellow bands). Such cooling has occurred at the bottoms of prior bear cycles.<\/li>\n<li>From the second half of 2022 the Puell Multiple (<a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/what-is-the-puell-multiple-and-how-is-it-used\">The Puell Multiple<\/a>) has intermittently breached the green zone of deeply oversold territory.<\/li>\n<li>In early January 2023 The Puell Multiple reached 0.74, corresponding to May readings. This could herald the start of a new market cycle.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"527\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Mvrv-z-score-5-1024x527.png\" alt=\"Mvrv-z-score-5\" class=\"wp-image-195120\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Mvrv-z-score-5-1024x527.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Mvrv-z-score-5-300x154.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Mvrv-z-score-5-768x395.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Mvrv-z-score-5.png 1113w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The MVRV Z-Score indicator. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lookintobitcoin.com\/charts\/mvrv-zscore\/\">Look Into Bitcoin<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"498\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Rhodl-ratio-1-1024x498.png\" alt=\"Rhodl-ratio-1\" class=\"wp-image-195121\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Rhodl-ratio-1-1024x498.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Rhodl-ratio-1-300x146.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Rhodl-ratio-1-768x374.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Rhodl-ratio-1.png 1102w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">RHODL Ratio indicator. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lookintobitcoin.com\/charts\/rhodl-ratio\/\">Look Into Bitcoin<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The MVRV Z-Score indicator has been in the \u201cgreen\u201d zone since the latter half of last year, signalling unrealised losses for many market participants and active accumulation of cheap digital gold.<\/li>\n<li>A similar picture for the RHODL Ratio suggests a favorable period for Buy &#038; Hold and\/or DCA strategies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Chislo-adresov-s-balansom-bolee-1-btc-1.webp\" alt=\"Chislo-adresov-s-balansom-bolee-1-btc-1\" class=\"wp-image-195122\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Number of addresses with balance \u2265 1 BTC. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/studio.glassnode.com\/metrics?a=BTC&#038;category=Addresses&#038;m=addresses.Min1Count&#038;s=1608943756&#038;u=1673277699&#038;zoom=\">Glassnode<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Asopr-5-1024x432.png\" alt=\"Asopr-5\" class=\"wp-image-195123\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Asopr-5-1024x432.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Asopr-5-300x126.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Asopr-5-768x324.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Asopr-5.png 1514w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">aSOPR indicator. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/studio.glassnode.com\/metrics?a=BTC&#038;category=&#038;ema=0&#038;m=indicators.SoprAdjusted&#038;mAvg=7&#038;mMedian=0&#038;s=1640693873&#038;u=1673277699&#038;zoom=\">Glassnode<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In 2022 the number of addresses with a balance \u2265 1 BTC grew by 20%. The metric is rising exponentially, approaching the 1 million mark. This is a positive signal of rising participation and accumulation by those who believe in Bitcoin\u2019s long\u2011term potential.<\/li>\n<li>In the second half of 2022 the aSOPR (7 MA) breached the 1 level only infrequently, signaling persistent bearish sentiment and that many market participants are still realising losses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ethereum<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"506\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-sutochnogo-chisla-sozhzhennyh-eth-12-1024x506.png\" alt=\"Dinamika-sutochnogo-chisla-sozhzhennyh-eth-12\" class=\"wp-image-195124\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-sutochnogo-chisla-sozhzhennyh-eth-12-1024x506.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-sutochnogo-chisla-sozhzhennyh-eth-12-300x148.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-sutochnogo-chisla-sozhzhennyh-eth-12-768x379.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-sutochnogo-chisla-sozhzhennyh-eth-12.png 1361w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Daily ETH burned. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/etherscan.io\/chart\/dailyethburnt\">Etherscan<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"507\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Balansy-ethereum-na-tsentralizovannyh-birzhah-i-dolya-predlozheniya-eth-zadejstvovannogo-v-smart-kontraktah-11-1024x507.png\" alt=\"Balansy-ethereum-na-tsentralizovannyh-birzhah-i-dolya-predlozheniya-eth-zadejstvovannogo-v-smart-kontraktah-11\" class=\"wp-image-195125\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Balansy-ethereum-na-tsentralizovannyh-birzhah-i-dolya-predlozheniya-eth-zadejstvovannogo-v-smart-kontraktah-11-1024x507.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Balansy-ethereum-na-tsentralizovannyh-birzhah-i-dolya-predlozheniya-eth-zadejstvovannogo-v-smart-kontraktah-11-300x149.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Balansy-ethereum-na-tsentralizovannyh-birzhah-i-dolya-predlozheniya-eth-zadejstvovannogo-v-smart-kontraktah-11-768x380.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Balansy-ethereum-na-tsentralizovannyh-birzhah-i-dolya-predlozheniya-eth-zadejstvovannogo-v-smart-kontraktah-11.png 1424w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Balances on centralized exchanges and the share of ETH supply engaged in smart contracts. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/studio.glassnode.com\/metrics?a=ETH&#038;category=&#038;m=distribution.BalanceExchanges&#038;s=1633167919&#038;u=1635759919&#038;zoom=30\">Glassnode<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Since the activation of EIP-1559, the Ethereum network has burned nearly 2.8 million ETH. Over 2022 the network burned about 1.8 million tokens. In Q2 the pace slowed as prices slid for the second-largest cryptocurrency.<\/li>\n<li>According to Ultrasound Money, the largest number of tokens (~254,000 ETH) were burned in peer-to-peer transactions. NFT marketplaces OpenSea and Uniswap v2 ranked second and third with ~230,000 ETH and ~145,000 ETH respectively.<\/li>\n<li>In September developers <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/ethereum-activates-the-merge-blockchain-shifts-to-pos\">transitioned<\/a> the blockchain to the Proof-of-Stake consensus. Since then issuance rose by 3,146 ETH. If the network had continued with Proof-of-Work, the figure could have exceeded 1.38 million ETH.<\/li>\n<li>By year end the share of cryptocurrency locked in smart contracts of decentralized apps stood at 25.62% \u2014 down almost 4% from the year.<\/li>\n<li>Over 12 months total Ethereum on centralized platforms declined by 14.5%, to ~19.3 million ETH.<\/li>\n<li>The same dynamics were driven not only by market-wide declines but also by \u201cblack swans\u201d that shook investor confidence. In particular, Terra\u2019s collapse and the FTX collapse.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-kolichestva-eth-na-depozitnom-kontrakte-ethereum-2 0-i-chislo-validatorov-9-1024x542.png\" alt=\"Dinamika-kolichestva-eth-na-depozitnom-kontrakte-ethereum-2 0-i-chislo-validatorov-9\" class=\"wp-image-195128\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Total ETH in staking and the number of validators. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/studio.glassnode.com\/metrics?a=ETH&#038;category=ETH%202.0&#038;m=eth2.StakingTotalVolumeSum\">Glassnode<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"602\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-chisla-adresov-ethereum-2 0-s-balansom-32-eth-10-1024x602.png\" alt=\"Dinamika-chisla-adresov-ethereum-2 0-s-balansom-32-eth-10\" class=\"wp-image-195129\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-chisla-adresov-ethereum-2%200-s-balansom-32-eth-10-1024x602.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-chisla-adresov-ethereum-2%200-s-balansom-32-eth-10-300x176.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-chisla-adresov-ethereum-2%200-s-balansom-32-eth-10-768x452.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-chisla-adresov-ethereum-2%200-s-balansom-32-eth-10.png 1131w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Dynamics of Ethereum 2.0 addresses with balance \u2265 32 ETH. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/studio.glassnode.com\/metrics?a=ETH&#038;category=ETH%202.0&#038;m=addresses.Min32Count\">Glassnode<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>During 2022 the number of validators rose by 79%, reaching 495,252 by December. The amount of assets in staking surpassed 15.85 million ETH \u2014 an inflow of roughly 7 million tokens over the period.<\/li>\n<li>Over 12 months the number of unique addresses that deposited 32 ETH or more grew by 20%. The strongest growth occurred from November to December, linked to testing withdrawals from staking and the announced Shanghai hard-fork timeline.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Lightning Network<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"551\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-emkosti-seti-lightning-network-13-1024x551.png\" alt=\"Dinamika-emkosti-seti-lightning-network-13\" class=\"wp-image-195131\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-emkosti-seti-lightning-network-13-1024x551.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-emkosti-seti-lightning-network-13-300x161.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-emkosti-seti-lightning-network-13-768x413.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-emkosti-seti-lightning-network-13.png 1269w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Lightning Network capacity dynamics. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/studio.glassnode.com\/metrics?a=BTC&#038;category=&#038;m=lightning.NetworkCapacitySum&#038;s=1667260800&#038;u=1669841999&#038;zoom=\">Glassnode<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"543\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Chislo-nod-i-kolichestvo-kanalov-seti-lightning-network-12-1024x543.png\" alt=\"Chislo-nod-i-kolichestvo-kanalov-seti-lightning-network-12\" class=\"wp-image-195132\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Chislo-nod-i-kolichestvo-kanalov-seti-lightning-network-12-1024x543.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Chislo-nod-i-kolichestvo-kanalov-seti-lightning-network-12-300x159.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Chislo-nod-i-kolichestvo-kanalov-seti-lightning-network-12-768x408.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Chislo-nod-i-kolichestvo-kanalov-seti-lightning-network-12.png 1189w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Number of LN nodes and channels. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/studio.glassnode.com\/dashboards\/btc-lightning-network\">Glassnode<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>By the end of 2022 the Lightning Network capacity grew by 46%, to 4,830 BTC. This was driven by the growth of the ecosystem and the launch of initiatives such as integration with the Cash App.<\/li>\n<li>The number of nodes declined by 17%, and the number of channels by almost 18%. The declines were driven by a critical bug that caused a network outage in October, which took three weeks to fix.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mining, hashrate, fees<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"417\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-heshrejta-bitkoina-2-1024x417.png\" alt=\"Dinamika-heshrejta-bitkoina-2\" class=\"wp-image-195139\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-heshrejta-bitkoina-2-1024x417.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-heshrejta-bitkoina-2-300x122.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-heshrejta-bitkoina-2-768x313.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-heshrejta-bitkoina-2-1536x626.png 1536w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-heshrejta-bitkoina-2.png 1683w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bitcoin hashrate dynamics, EH\/s. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/studio.glassnode.com\/metrics?a=BTC&#038;category=Miners&#038;ema=0&#038;m=mining.HashRateMean&#038;mAvg=7&#038;mMedian=0&#038;s=1665508891&#038;u=1673288491&#038;zoom=90\">Glassnode<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Slozhnost-1.webp\" alt=\"Slozhnost-1\" class=\"wp-image-195140\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bitcoin mining difficulty dynamics. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/charts.coinmetrics.io\/network-data\/\">Coin Metrics<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Over 2022 Bitcoin\u2019s hashrate (7\u2011MA) rose by 47.7%, even as the price of the cryptocurrency fell. The rise is likely due to newer, more productive equipment and market participants\u2019 confidence in Bitcoin\u2019s long\u2011term prospects.<\/li>\n<li>Following the computational power, mining difficulty rose by 46% for the year, exceeding 35 T.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Hashprice-6-1024x405.png\" alt=\"Hashprice-6\" class=\"wp-image-195141\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Hashprice dynamics for Bitcoin. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/charts.coinmetrics.io\/network-data\/\">Coin Metrics<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Krupnejshie-puly-po-dobyche-bitkoina-4.webp\" alt=\"Krupnejshie-puly-po-dobyche-bitkoina-4\" class=\"wp-image-195142\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Largest mining pools for Bitcoin. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/btc.com\/stats\/pool?pool_mode=month\">BTC.com<\/a> as of 01.01.2023.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Falling Bitcoin price amid rising hashrate and difficulty pressured the \u201chashprice.\u201d The metric hit record lows, falling to $0.055 in early November. As a result, publicly traded miners <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/messari-notes-miners-capitulation-pressure-on-bitcoin\">sold<\/a> almost all Bitcoin mined in 2022.<\/li>\n<li>Foundry USA cemented its lead among the largest Bitcoin pools. At the start of the year its share was 16.5%<\/a>; by year-end it exceeded 26%.<\/li>\n<li>Many market participants faced debt service issues, yet the share of public companies in network hashpower <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/survival-game-what-happened-to-the-mining-industry-in-2022\">reached 25%<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dohody-bitkoin-majnerov.webp\" alt=\"Dohody-bitkoin-majnerov\" class=\"wp-image-195143\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bitcoin miner revenues by month, $mln. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/studio.glassnode.com\/metrics?a=BTC&#038;category=Miners&#038;m=mining.RevenueSum&#038;s=1665552822&#038;u=1673332422&#038;zoom=90\">Glassnode<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>December miner revenues totaled $477 million, up 1% from November. The share of transaction fees in revenue was 2%.<\/li>\n<li>For the full year 2022 miners produced $9.45 billion, down 43% from 2021 ($16.7 billion). The decrease was driven by price declines and higher hash rate and difficulty.<\/li>\n<li>Fees earned by Bitcoin miners in 2022 amounted to $142.2 million, down 86% versus the previous year (about $1 billion), partly explained by lower average on-chain activity in a bear market.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Trading volume<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"568\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Obem-torgov-12-1024x568.png\" alt=\"Obem-torgov-12\" class=\"wp-image-195146\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Trading volumes on leading spot exchanges, $bln. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theblockcrypto.com\/data\/crypto-markets\/spot\">The Block<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>December trading volumes on leading crypto exchanges fell to a two-year low around $380 billion.<\/li>\n<li>The full-year 2022 total was $8.4 trillion \u2014 50% below 2021, a logical outcome of the market correction.<\/li>\n<li>After the FTX collapse, exchange market shares were redistributed among competitors. By month end, the top-3 were Binance, Coinbase and OKX.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Futures and options<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-thirds-wrapper reviews_has_thirds\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-third review_third\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"562\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Fyuchersy-22-1024x562.png\" alt=\"Fyuchersy-22\" class=\"wp-image-195150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Fyuchersy-22-1024x562.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Fyuchersy-22-300x165.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Fyuchersy-22-768x422.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Fyuchersy-22.png 1248w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bitcoin and Ethereum futures trading volumes, $ tril. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/studio.glassnode.com\/metrics?a=BTC&#038;category=&#038;m=derivatives.FuturesVolumeDailySum\">Glassnode<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-third review_third\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"560\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Optsiony-22-1024x560.png\" alt=\"Optsiony-22\" class=\"wp-image-195151\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Optsiony-22-1024x560.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Optsiony-22-300x164.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Optsiony-22-768x420.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Optsiony-22.png 1240w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Options trading volumes for Bitcoin and Ethereum, $bn. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/studio.glassnode.com\/metrics?a=BTC&#038;category=&#038;m=derivatives.OptionsVolumeDailySum\">Glassnode<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-third review_third\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"394\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Oi-fyuchersy-bitkoin-1024x394.png\" alt=\"Oi-fyuchersy-bitkoin\" class=\"wp-image-195152\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Oi-fyuchersy-bitkoin-1024x394.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Oi-fyuchersy-bitkoin-300x115.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Oi-fyuchersy-bitkoin-768x295.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Oi-fyuchersy-bitkoin.png 1366w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Open interest in Bitcoin futures, BTC. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.coinglass.com\/BitcoinOpenInterest\">Coinglass<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Trading volumes in the derivatives segment declined sharply in December, with futures and options at multi-year lows. Ethereum contracts remained more active than Bitcoin contracts.<\/li>\n<li>Open interest in Bitcoin futures declined from peak levels by about 100,000 BTC.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">DeFi<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-stoimosti-sredstv-zablokirovannyh-v-defi-sektore-15-1024x480.png\" alt=\"Dinamika-stoimosti-sredstv-zablokirovannyh-v-defi-sektore-15\" class=\"wp-image-195212\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-stoimosti-sredstv-zablokirovannyh-v-defi-sektore-15-1024x480.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-stoimosti-sredstv-zablokirovannyh-v-defi-sektore-15-300x141.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-stoimosti-sredstv-zablokirovannyh-v-defi-sektore-15-768x360.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-stoimosti-sredstv-zablokirovannyh-v-defi-sektore-15.png 1317w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Dynamics of funds blocked in the DeFi sector. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/defillama.com\/\">DeFi Llama<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"514\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-5-ekosistem-po-stoimosti-zablokirovannyh-sredstv-2-1024x514.png\" alt=\"Top-5-ekosistem-po-stoimosti-zablokirovannyh-sredstv-2\" class=\"wp-image-195213\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-5-ekosistem-po-stoimosti-zablokirovannyh-sredstv-2-1024x514.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-5-ekosistem-po-stoimosti-zablokirovannyh-sredstv-2-300x151.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-5-ekosistem-po-stoimosti-zablokirovannyh-sredstv-2-768x385.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-5-ekosistem-po-stoimosti-zablokirovannyh-sredstv-2.png 1295w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Top ecosystems by locked value, in billions of dollars. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/defillama.com\/chains\">DeFi Llama<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In 2022 the value of assets locked in smart contracts of DeFi applications fell by 75%, ending December at $58.96 billion. The move was driven by issues in several major projects and a prolonged market correction.<\/li>\n<li>The largest declines were in May\u2013June and October\u2013November. Terra\u2019s collapse (-44%) and the FTX collapse (-28%) accounted for the bulk of the losses.<\/li>\n<li>Ethereum still accounts for the majority of locked assets (over 68%). The ecosystem strengthened its position \u2014 in January 2022 the dominance index stood at 62%.<\/li>\n<li>Solana posted one of the worst dynamics, with TVL down 95% over 12 months. Alameda\u2019s wallets held SOL valued at $1.2 billion (as of June 30), which contributed to price collapse and outflow from smart contracts.<\/li>\n<li>The struggles of some players spurred growth in others \u2014 by year end the top-five by TVL included Tron, Arbitrum and Polygon.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-20-defi-tokens-1024x731.png\" alt=\"Top-20-defi-tokens\" class=\"wp-image-195215\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-20-defi-tokens-1024x731.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-20-defi-tokens-300x214.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-20-defi-tokens-768x548.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-20-defi-tokens.png 1030w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Top-20 DeFi tokens by market cap. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/messari.io\/screener\/defi-assets-(copy)-563C5306\">Messari<\/a> (as of 01.01.2023).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-5-defi-proektov-na-baze-ethereum-po-stoimosti-zablokirovannyh-sredstv-14.webp\" alt=\"Top-5-defi-proektov-na-baze-ethereum-po-stoimosti-zablokirovannyh-sredstv-14\" class=\"wp-image-195216\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Top 5 DeFi projects on Ethereum by locked value, in billions of dollars. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/defillama.com\/chain\/Ethereum\">DeFi Llama<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>By year\u2019s end all assets in the DeFi top\u201120 by market cap were in the red \u2014 prices fell more than 60%. The top token by TVL remained Uniswap (UNI) at about $3.95 billion.<\/li>\n<li>In Ethereum, leadership by TVL shifted to the liquid staking service Lido. In the wake of the Shanghai hard fork announcement, the Lido lead surpassed MakerDAO.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Tvl-po-osnovnym-sektoram-defi.webp\" alt=\"Tvl-po-osnovnym-sektoram-defi\" class=\"wp-image-195217\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">TVL by major DeFi categories. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/defillama.com\/categories\">DeFi Llama<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"482\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Kapitalizatsiya-populyarnyh-bitkoinov-na-ethereum-14-1024x482.png\" alt=\"Kapitalizatsiya-populyarnyh-bitkoinov-na-ethereum-14\" class=\"wp-image-195218\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Kapitalizatsiya-populyarnyh-bitkoinov-na-ethereum-14-1024x482.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Kapitalizatsiya-populyarnyh-bitkoinov-na-ethereum-14-300x141.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Kapitalizatsiya-populyarnyh-bitkoinov-na-ethereum-14-768x361.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Kapitalizatsiya-populyarnyh-bitkoinov-na-ethereum-14.png 1305w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Capitalisation of popular Bitcoin tokens on Ethereum, billions of dollars. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/dune.com\/eliasimos\/btc-on-ethereum_1\">Dune Analytics<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Throughout 2022 DeFi saw a broad decline in total value locked (TVL), with the top-20 assets by market cap all losing ground. Uniswap remained the leading token by TVL at about $3.95 billion.<\/li>\n<li>Among Ethereum-based projects, the TVL leadership shifted to Lido for liquid staking; Shanghai preparations helped Lido overtake MakerDAO.<\/li>\n<li>The market capitalisation of \u201cBitcoin on Ethereum\u201d declined by about 75% over the year, with WBTC remaining the dominant token at around $3.18 billion (dominance index ~75%).<\/li>\n<li>In the wake of FTX\u2019s collapse, there was an outflow from Ren Protocol as Alameda\u2019s control raised concerns about its ongoing operations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-dnevnogo-chisla-tranzaktsij-v-ekosistemah-polygon-ethereum-binance-smart-chain-i-avalanche-11-1024x507.png\" alt=\"Dinamika-dnevnogo-chisla-tranzaktsij-v-ekosistemah-polygon-ethereum-binance-smart-chain-i-avalanche-11\" class=\"wp-image-195219\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-dnevnogo-chisla-tranzaktsij-v-ekosistemah-polygon-ethereum-binance-smart-chain-i-avalanche-11-1024x507.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-dnevnogo-chisla-tranzaktsij-v-ekosistemah-polygon-ethereum-binance-smart-chain-i-avalanche-11-300x149.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-dnevnogo-chisla-tranzaktsij-v-ekosistemah-polygon-ethereum-binance-smart-chain-i-avalanche-11-768x381.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-dnevnogo-chisla-tranzaktsij-v-ekosistemah-polygon-ethereum-binance-smart-chain-i-avalanche-11.png 1350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Daily transactions in ecosystems: Tron, Ethereum, Binance Smart Chain and Avalanche. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/tronscan.org\/\" title=\"\">TronScan<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/etherscan.io\/chart\/tx\">Etherscan<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/bscscan.com\/chart\/tx\">BscScan<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/snowtrace.io\/chart\/tx\">SnowTrace<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Since June, the Tron ecosystem led in daily transactions, processing about 5 million operations per day on average, up 75% from 2021. The rise was driven by initiatives to bolster the stability of the stablecoin USDD and by the launch of assets pegged to offshore Chinese yuan.<\/li>\n<li>The BNB Chain saw a near 30% drop in daily transactions. Daily activity on the Avalanche chain reached 433,255 (+193% YoY); Ethereum saw about 1.1 million (-11%).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">DEX and L2<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"539\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dex-27-1024x539.png\" alt=\"Dex-27\" class=\"wp-image-195223\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dex-27-1024x539.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dex-27-300x158.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dex-27-768x404.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dex-27.png 1230w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Trading on decentralized Ethereum exchanges, in $ billions. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/duneanalytics.com\/hagaetc\/dex-metrics\">Dune Analytics<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The year-end for the decentralized Ethereum exchanges ended with a sharp drop in trading volumes. November saw renewed trust as FTX collapsed, but December still saw sub\u2011$30 billion in DEX trading. The annual total for the sector stood at about $782 billion, down 32% from $1.16 trillion a year earlier.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/L2-tranzaktsii.webp\" alt=\"L2-tranzaktsii\" class=\"wp-image-195224\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Number of transactions in L2 protocols and the Ethereum mainnet. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.orbiter.finance\/data\">Orbiter<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/L2-12.webp\" alt=\"L2-12\" class=\"wp-image-195225\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">TVL in L2 protocols on Ethereum, ETH. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/l2beat.com\/\">L2BEAT<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Last year was the breakout for L2 protocols. The number of transactions using them approached mainnet Ethereum levels. Protocols relying on rollups to package transactions achieved notable gains:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The June-launched Optimism quickly rose to the top in the segment, integrated with leading platforms like OpenSea and Uniswap. The project\u2019s success was boosted by a generous <a href=\"<a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/optimism-team-carried-out-airdrop-of-native-token\">&#8220;>airdrop<\/a> of OP.<\/li>\n<li>The second most popular protocol, Arbitrum, also performed well. It received support from major players, including Reddit, which <a href=\"<a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/reddit-to-migrate-tokens-to-arbitrum-nova-network\">&#8220;>integrated<\/a> the Arbitrum Nova solution for gaming and social apps.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Aggregate TVL in ETH rose by more than 100%\u2014from about 1.8 million ETH at the start of January 2022 to a record 3.9 million ETH in early November. However, after the FTX collapse and broad market turmoil, further growth slowed. Given the trajectory, the technology is unlikely to lose relevance in the coming year.<\/p>\n<p>Market participants are banking on the proposal EIP-4488, intended to make Rollups cheaper by reducing block data costs on Ethereum by about 80% \u2014 from 16 to 3 gas units. Ethereum co\u2011founder Vitalik Buterin believes the network will largely rely on Rollups in the future.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Stablecoins<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"570\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Stejblkoiny-19-1024x570.png\" alt=\"Stejblkoiny-19\" class=\"wp-image-195229\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Stejblkoiny-19-1024x570.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Stejblkoiny-19-300x167.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Stejblkoiny-19-768x427.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Stejblkoiny-19.png 1183w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Market capitalization of stablecoins, $bn. Data: Glassnode, Messari.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>During 2022 the capitalization of stablecoins shrank from $150bn to $137bn. \u201cStablecoins\u201d were highly reactive to market shocks.<\/li>\n<li>Inspired by the Terra ecosystem\u2019s success, several projects launched algorithmic stablecoins. At the market\u2019s peak, the sector\u2019s market value reached around $180bn. But the model proved vulnerable when LUNA collapsed, and UST lost its $18bn market cap.<\/li>\n<li>Efforts by other projects did not bear fruit. Attempts to launch algorithmic assets in ecosystems like Tron, Near, Waves, and DeFi protocols such as Aave and Curve did not meet success. Parity with the dollar faded for the year.<\/li>\n<li>In late December Binance significantly reduced the emission of its own stablecoin Binance USD (BUSD). Its market cap fell from $22.2bn to $16.8bn (\u221224%).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">NFT and GameFi<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Nft-blokchejny-1.webp\" alt=\"Nft-blokchejny-1\" class=\"wp-image-195232\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">NFT sales volume across various blockchains. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/cryptoslam.io\/\">Cryptoslam<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Opensea-19.webp\" alt=\"Opensea-19\" class=\"wp-image-195233\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">NFT marketplace OpenSea trading volume, $bn. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/dune.xyz\/rchen8\/opensea\">Dune Analytics<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The NFT industry was not immune to the downturn, but it did see notable developments.<\/li>\n<li>A number of new players emerged\u2014LooksRare and Blur (the latter briefly overtook OpenSea in daily volume), aggregators and other tools to maximize profits.<\/li>\n<li>Many traditional brands view NFTs as a way to diversify their business. Notable cases include Nike, Dolce &#038; Gabbana and Tiffany. The leading projects remained Bored Ape Yacht Club by Yuga Labs and CryptoPunks. Yuga Labs unveiled the Otherside metaverse and raised substantial funds by selling virtual land (Otherdeeds). Other firms announced partnerships, celebrity collaborations, etc. Digital artworks appeared on major social networks like Twitter, Instagram and Facebook.<\/li>\n<li>In February the CryptoPunks NFT CryptoPunks #5822 sold for $23.7 million, and in April the GameFi segment spawned a new trend \u2014 Move-to-Earn.<\/li>\n<li>Despite growth in volumes and activity across chains, overall hype began to fade in the second half of the year. This was evident in the declining volumes of OpenSea, the flagship marketplace.<\/li>\n<li>Solana and Ethereum ecosystems stood out, with NFT trading volumes up by more than $20bn and $2.4bn respectively over the year.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Activity of major players<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"387\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Bitcoin-treasuries-2-1024x387.png\" alt=\"Bitcoin-treasuries-2\" class=\"wp-image-195242\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Bitcoin-treasuries-2-1024x387.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Bitcoin-treasuries-2-300x113.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Bitcoin-treasuries-2-768x291.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Bitcoin-treasuries-2.png 1031w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Leading public companies holding Bitcoin in reserves. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/bitcointreasuries.net\/\">Bitcoin Treasuries<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>MicroStrategy remains the largest Bitcoin holder among public companies. By year-end it <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/microstrategy-buys-2501-btc-for-about-44-6-million-says-founder-michael-saylor\">announced<\/a> an additional purchase of 2,501 BTC.<\/li>\n<li>As of January 1, 2023, MicroStrategy held 132,500 BTC valued at about $2.2 billion. Unrealised losses total around $1.8 billion.<\/li>\n<li>Despite <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/survival-game-what-happened-to-the-mining-industry-in-2022\">significant financial difficulties<\/a> from the bear market, large miners such as Marathon Digital, Hut 8 and <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/mining-company-riot-drops-blockchain-from-its-name\">Riot Platforms<\/a> continue to hold substantial inventories of digital gold.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gbtc-discount.webp\" alt=\"Gbtc-discount\" class=\"wp-image-195243\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GBTC premium\/discount to NAV. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/ycharts.com\/companies\/GBTC\/discount_or_premium_to_nav\">yCharts<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Throughout 2022 Grayscale\u2019s Bitcoin Trust (GBTC) traded at a discount to NAV.<\/li>\n<li>The discount widened as the GBTC ETF filing faced delays and Digital Currency Group \u2014 Genesis Global Capital issues weighed on the trust. By late December the discount stood at around 48%, later stabilising near 45%<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-otkrytogo-interesa-po-bitkoin-fyuchersam-na-cme -dannye-cftc-10.webp\" alt=\"Dinamika-otkrytogo-interesa-po-bitkoin-fyuchersam-na-cme -dannye-cftc-10\" class=\"wp-image-195244\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Open interest in Bitcoin futures on CME. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cftc.gov\/dea\/futures\/deacmesf.htm\">CFTC<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Byki-i-medvedi-sredi-krupnyh-trejderov-na-cme-i-obshhee-chislo-igrokov-1024x469.png\" alt=\"Byki-i-medvedi-sredi-krupnyh-trejderov-na-cme-i-obshhee-chislo-igrokov\" class=\"wp-image-195245\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Byki-i-medvedi-sredi-krupnyh-trejderov-na-cme-i-obshhee-chislo-igrokov-1024x469.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Byki-i-medvedi-sredi-krupnyh-trejderov-na-cme-i-obshhee-chislo-igrokov-300x137.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Byki-i-medvedi-sredi-krupnyh-trejderov-na-cme-i-obshhee-chislo-igrokov-768x351.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Byki-i-medvedi-sredi-krupnyh-trejderov-na-cme-i-obshhee-chislo-igrokov.png 1097w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bulls and bears among top CME traders and the overall player count. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cftc.gov\/dea\/futures\/deacmesf.htm\">CFTC<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>2022 saw a continued rise in open interest (OI) on the regulated CME exchange.<\/li>\n<li>The number of traders using Bitcoin-based futures gradually increased.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-dlinnyh-i-korotkih-pozitsij-hedzh-fondov-i-prochih-krupnyh-igrokov-non-commercial-na-cme-2-1024x490.png\" alt=\"Dinamika-dlinnyh-i-korotkih-pozitsij-hedzh-fondov-i-prochih-krupnyh-igrokov-non-commercial-na-cme-2\" class=\"wp-image-195247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-dlinnyh-i-korotkih-pozitsij-hedzh-fondov-i-prochih-krupnyh-igrokov-non-commercial-na-cme-2-1024x490.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-dlinnyh-i-korotkih-pozitsij-hedzh-fondov-i-prochih-krupnyh-igrokov-non-commercial-na-cme-2-300x144.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-dlinnyh-i-korotkih-pozitsij-hedzh-fondov-i-prochih-krupnyh-igrokov-non-commercial-na-cme-2-768x368.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-dlinnyh-i-korotkih-pozitsij-hedzh-fondov-i-prochih-krupnyh-igrokov-non-commercial-na-cme-2.png 1149w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Dynamics of long and short positions of hedge funds and other large players (Non-Commercial) on CME. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cftc.gov\/dea\/futures\/deacmesf.htm\">CFTC<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-pozitsij-krupnyh-igrokov-institucionalov-commercial-na-cme -dannye-cftc-9.webp\" alt=\"Dinamika-pozitsij-krupnyh-igrokov-institucionalov-commercial-na-cme -dannye-cftc-9\" class=\"wp-image-195249\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-pozitsij-krupnyh-igrokov-institucionalov-commercial-na-cme -dannye-cftc-9.webp 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-pozitsij-krupnyh-igrokov-institucionalov-commercial-na-cme -dannye-cftc-9-300x144.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-pozitsij-krupnyh-igrokov-institucionalov-commercial-na-cme -dannye-cftc-9-768x368.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-pozitsij-krupnyh-igrokov-institucionalov-commercial-na-cme -dannye-cftc-9.png 1149w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Dynamics of positions of large institutional players (Commercial) on CME. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cftc.gov\/dea\/futures\/deacmesf.htm\">CFTC<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Throughout 2022 the number of long positions among non-commercial traders roughly matched the number of shorts. Among smaller traders, long positions generally outweighed shorts.<\/li>\n<li>Small institutional players (Commercial) tended to favour short positions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Otkrytyj-interes-po-ethereum-fyuchersam-na-cme-5.webp\" alt=\"Otkrytyj-interes-po-ethereum-fyuchersam-na-cme-5\" class=\"wp-image-195252\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Open interest in Ethereum futures on CME. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cftc.gov\/dea\/futures\/deacmesf.htm\">CFTC<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Ethereum-fyuchersy-na-cme-pozitsii-non-commercial-i-commercial-i-obshhee-chislo-igrokov.webp\" alt=\"Ethereum-fyuchersy-na-cme-pozitsii-non-commercial-i-commercial-i-obshhee-chis\u043b\u043e-igrokov\" class=\"wp-image-195253\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Ethereum-fyuchersy-na-cme-pozitsii-non-commercial-i-commercial-i-obshhee-chislo-igrokov.webp 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Ethereum-fyuchersy-na-cme-pozitsii-non-commercial-i-commercial-i-obshhee-chislo-igrokov-300x137.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Ethereum-fyuchersy-na-cme-pozitsii-non-commercial-i-commercial-i-obshhee-chis\u043b\u043e-igrokov-768x351.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Ethereum-fyuchersy-na-cme-pozitsii-non-commercial-i-commercial-i-obshhee-chislo-igrokov.png 1097w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Ethereum futures on CME: Non-Commercial and Commercial positions and total number of players. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cftc.gov\/dea\/futures\/deacmesf.htm\">CFTC<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>OI in Ethereum futures on CME also rose. This was particularly noticeable in the autumn, around the activation of The Merge in the Ethereum mainnet.<\/li>\n<li>Similarly to Bitcoin futures, Non-Commercial and Nonreportable traders held roughly the same amount of longs as shorts; Commercial traders favoured shorts.<\/li>\n<li>The total number of Ethereum futures traders continued to rise.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Major venture rounds<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"448\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-10-venchurnyh-sdelok-2022-goda-1024x448.png\" alt=\"Top-10-venchurnyh-sdelok-2022-goda\" class=\"wp-image-195255\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-10-venchurnyh-sdelok-2022-goda-1024x448.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-10-venchurnyh-sdelok-2022-goda-300x131.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-10-venchurnyh-sdelok-2022-goda-768x336.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-10-venchurnyh-sdelok-2022-goda.png 1181w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Major venture deals in 2022. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/defillama.com\/raises\">DeFi Llama<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Despite the crisis, venture investors poured more than $30 billion into the blockchain ecosystem in 2022, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.galaxy.com\/research\/insights\/2022-crypto-vc-comes-down-to-earth\/\">Galaxy Digital<\/a>. This nearly matched the previous 12 months\u2019 pace, when funding exceeded $32 billion.<\/li>\n<li>Analysts noted a trend toward lower deal sizes \u2014 by year-end the average deal value stood at about $3 million. Mature companies captured roughly 40% of the total funding.<\/li>\n<li>Investors\u2019 interest was strongest in Web3 projects, as well as trading and finance platforms.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Year in review<\/h2>\n<div class=\"reviews_has_halves stretch has_articles\">\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Events_2022-min.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/events-and-trends-how-the-bitcoin-industry-changed-in-2022\">Events and Trends: how the Bitcoin industry changed in 2022<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>2022 was a true test for the crypto industry \u2014 from the collapse of leading assets to the fall of major projects and empires. Here are the most important events and trends of 2022 that have already entered the history books.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022_mining-min.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/survival-game-what-happened-to-the-mining-industry-in-2022\">Survival mode: what happened with the mining industry in 2022<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>The paradoxical rise in Bitcoin\u2019s hashrate amid a price crash and stagnation, Ethereum\u2019s shift to Proof-of-Stake, and the first major mining company bankruptcy: what happened in 2022 for the mining sector.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"reviews_has_halves stretch has_articles\">\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Best-materials-2022-min.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/black-swans-and-sanctions-forklogs-most-popular-materials-in-2022\">Black swans and sanctions: ForkLog\u2019s most popular materials of 2022<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>2022 is likely to be remembered as one of the toughest years in recent history. The invasion of Ukraine, the global crisis and other shocks impacted the crypto market as well. The most popular pieces are in this selection.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Global_regulations-min.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/sanctions-stablecoins-and-cbdcs-how-crypto-was-regulated-in-2022\">Regulations, stablecoins and CBDCs: how crypto was regulated in 2022<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>Against the backdrop of a prolonged crisis and various macroeconomic factors, regulators devoted noticeably less attention to the crypto market in 2022 than in 2021. ForkLog explored how the regulatory landscape for digital assets evolved across 15 countries.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"reviews_has_halves stretch has_articles\">\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Defi_2022-min.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/2022-in-review-how-the-defi-sector-fared-amid-the-terra-and-ftx-crashes\">Results 2022: how the DeFi segment withstood Terra and FTX collapses<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>2022 was rich in shocks for the DeFi sector and the crypto industry overall. Bold forecasts from optimists did not come to pass, nor did the laser-eyed meme save the market. The year\u2019s key DeFi events are covered in ForkLog\u2019s piece.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Sng_regulations.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/rules-for-miners-and-a-step-toward-taxation-how-post-soviet-states-regulated-the-bitcoin-market-in-2022\">Regulatory rules for miners and tax\u2011friendly steps: how post\u2011Soviet countries regulated the Bitcoin market in 2022<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>In 2022 a number of post\u2011Soviet countries enacted baseline laws bringing the crypto market into a legal framework. Others lagged, waiting for clearer guidance from overseas regulators. We unpacked the key regulatory changes in 15 countries.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"reviews_has_halves stretch has_articles\">\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Defi_2022-min.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/2022-in-review-how-the-defi-sector-fared-amid-the-terra-and-ftx-crashes\">\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0438 2022: \u043a\u0430\u043a DeFi-\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0430 Terra \u0438 FTX<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Sng_regulations.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/rules-for-miners-and-a-step-toward-taxation-how-post-soviet-states-regulated-the-bitcoin-market-in-2022\">\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c: \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0438\u043d-\u0440\u044b\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0432 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>\u0412 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u043b \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u044b, \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435. \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0436\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u043a \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0443, \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u041c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442 \u0432 15 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"reviews_has_halves stretch has_articles\">\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Defi_2022-min.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/2022-in-review-how-the-defi-sector-fared-amid-the-terra-and-ftx-crashes\">\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0438 2022: \u043a\u0430\u043a DeFi-\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0430 Terra \u0438 FTX<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Sng_regulations.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/rules-for-miners-and-a-step-toward-taxation-how-post-soviet-states-regulated-the-bitcoin-market-in-2022\">\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c: \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0438\u043d-\u0440\u044b\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0432 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>\u0412 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u043b \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u044b, \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435. \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0436\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u043a \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0443, \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u041c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442 \u0432 15 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"reviews_has_halves stretch has_articles\">\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Defi_2022-min.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/2022-in-review-how-the-defi-sector-fared-amid-the-terra-and-ftx-crashes\">\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0438 2022: \u043a\u0430\u043a DeFi-\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0430 Terra \u0438 FTX<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044f\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f DeFi-\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c. \u0421\u043c\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437\u044b \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432-\u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433 \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0444\u043b\u0435\u0448\u043c\u043e\u0431 \u0441 \u00ab\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0438\u00bb. \u0412\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u2014 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435 ForkLog.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Sng_regulations.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/rules-for-miners-and-a-step-toward-taxation-how-post-soviet-states-regulated-the-bitcoin-market-in-2022\">\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c: \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0438\u043d-\u0440\u044b\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0432 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>\u0412 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u043b \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u044b, \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435. \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0436\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u043a \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0443, \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u041c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442 \u0432 15 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">NFT and GameFi<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Nft-blokchejny-1.webp\" alt=\"Nft-blokchejny-1\" class=\"wp-image-195232\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">NFT sales on different blockchains. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/cryptoslam.io\/\">Cryptoslam<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Opensea-19.webp\" alt=\"Opensea-19\" class=\"wp-image-195233\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">NFT marketplace OpenSea trading volume, $bn. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/dune.xyz\/rchen8\/opensea\">Dune Analytics<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The NFT market did not escape the downturn, but notable developments occurred nonetheless.<\/li>\n<li>A number of new platforms emerged\u2014LooksRare and Blur (the latter occasionally overtook OpenSea in daily volume), aggregators and other tools to maximise profitability.<\/li>\n<li>Many traditional brands used NFTs as a diversification tool. Notable cases include Nike, Dolce &#038; Gabbana and Tiffany. The leading brands remained Yuga Labs\u2019 Bored Ape Yacht Club and CryptoPunks. Yuga Labs unveiled the Otherside metaverse and raised substantial funds from selling virtual land Otherdeeds. Other firms announced collaborations and celebrity partnerships. Digital art appeared on major social networks such as Twitter, Instagram and Facebook.<\/li>\n<li>In February the biggest NFT sale from CryptoPunks #5822 fetched $23.7m, and in April the GameFi segment sparked a new trend \u2014 Move-to-Earn.<\/li>\n<li>Despite a rise in volumes and activity on blockchains, overall hype began to fade in the second half of the year, as evidenced by falling volumes on OpenSea.\n<\/li>\n<li>Ethereum and Solana ecosystems stood out, with NFT trading volumes rising by over $20bn and $2.4bn respectively over the year.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Activity of major players<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"387\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Bitcoin-treasuries-2-1024x387.png\" alt=\"Bitcoin-treasuries-2\" class=\"wp-image-195242\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Bitcoin-treasuries-2-1024x387.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Bitcoin-treasuries-2-300x113.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Bitcoin-treasuries-2-768x291.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Bitcoin-treasuries-2.png 1031w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Public companies holding Bitcoin in reserves. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/bitcointreasuries.net\/\">Bitcoin Treasuries<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>MicroStrategy remains the largest Bitcoin holder among public companies. By year-end the firm <em>announced<\/em> an additional purchase of 2,501 BTC.<\/li>\n<li>As of 1 January 2023 MicroStrategy\u2019s balance stood at 132,500 BTC valued at about $2.2 billion. Unrealised losses run to roughly $1.8 billion.<\/li>\n<li>Despite <em>serious financial problems<\/em> from the prolonged bear market, large miners such as Marathon Digital, Hut 8 and <a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/mining-company-riot-drops-blockchain-from-its-name\">Riot Platforms<\/a> continue to hold substantial stocks of digital gold.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Gbtc-discount.webp\" alt=\"Gbtc-discount\" class=\"wp-image-195243\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">GBTC premium\/discount to NAV. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/ycharts.com\/companies\/GBTC\/discount_or_premium_to_nav\">yCharts<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Last year GBTC traded at a discount to NAV. <\/li>\n<li>The discount widened with delays to launching an ETF based on GBTC and problems at Digital Currency Group \u2014 Genesis Global Capital. By late December it hovered around 45%-48% before stabilising around 45%. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-otkrytogo-interesa-po-bitkoin-fyuchersam-na-cme -dannye-cftc-10.webp\" alt=\"Dinamika-otkrytogo-interesa-po-bitkoin-fyuchersam-na-cme -dannye-cftc-10\" class=\"wp-image-195244\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Dynamics of open interest in Bitcoin futures on CME. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cftc.gov\/dea\/futures\/deacmesf.htm\">CFTC<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Byki-i-medvedi-sredi-krupnyh-trejderov-na-cme-i-obshhee-chislo-igrokov-1024x469.png\" alt=\"Byki-i-medvedi-sredi-krupnyh-trejderov-na-cme-i-obshhee-chislo-igrokov\" class=\"wp-image-195245\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Byki-i-medvedi-sredi-krupnyh-trejderov-na-cme-i-obshhee-chislo-igrokov-1024x469.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Byki-i-medvedi-sredi-krupnyh-trejderov-na-cme-i-obshhee-chislo-igrokov-300x137.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Byki-i-medvedi-sredi-krupnyh-trejderov-na-cme-i-obshhee-chislo-igrokov-768x351.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Byki-i-medvedi-sredi-krupnyh-trejderov-na-cme-i-obshhee-chislo-igrokov.png 1097w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bulls and bears among major CME traders and the overall player count. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cftc.gov\/dea\/futures\/deacmesf.htm\">CFTC<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In 2022 open interest on the CME exchange continued to rise.<\/li>\n<li>The number of traders using calculated Bitcoin futures gradually grew.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-dlinnyh-i-korotkih-pozitsij-hedzh-fondov-i-prochih-krupnyh-igrokov-non-commercial-na-cme-2-1024x490.png\" alt=\"Dinamika-dlinnyh-i-korotkih-pozitsij-hedzh-fondov-i-prochih-krupnyh-igrokov-non-commercial-na-cme-2\" class=\"wp-image-195247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-dlinnyh-i-korotkich-pozitsij-hedzh-fondov-i-prochih-krupnyh-igrokov-non-commercial-na-cme-2-1024x490.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-dlinnyh-i-korotkich-pozitsij-hedzh-fondov-i-prochih-krupnyh-igrokov-non-commercial-na-cme-2-300x144.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-dlinnyh-i-korotkih-pozitsij-hedzh-fondov-i-prochih-krupnyh-igrokov-non-commercial-na-cme-2-768x368.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-dlinnyh-i-korotkih-pozitsij-hedzh-fondov-i-prochih-krupnyh-igrokov-non-commercial-na-cme-2.png 1149w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Dynamics of long and short positions of hedge funds and other large players (Non-Commercial) on CME. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cftc.gov\/dea\/futures\/deacmesf.htm\">CFTC<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-pozitsij-krupnyh-igrokov-institucionalov-commercial-na-cme -dannye-cftc-9.webp\" alt=\"Dinamika-pozitsij-krupnyh-igrokov-institucionalov-commercial-na-cme -dannye-cftc-9\" class=\"wp-image-195249\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-pozitsij-krupnyh-igrokov-institucionalov-commercial-na-cme -dannye-cftc-9.webp 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-pozitsij-krupnyh-igrokov-institucionalov-commercial-na-cme -dannye-cftc-9-300x144.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-pozitsij-krupnyh-igrokov-institucionalov-commercial-na-cme -dannye-cftc-9-768x368.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Dinamika-pozitsij-krupnyh-igrokov-institucionalov-commercial-na-cme-2.png 1149w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Dynamics of positions of major institutional players (Commercial) on CME. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cftc.gov\/dea\/futures\/deacmesf.htm\">CFTC<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>For the full year 2022 long positions among Non-Commercial traders roughly matched shorts. Among retail traders long positions generally outweighed shorts. <\/li>\n<li>Few institutional players (Commercial) tended to favour short positions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-two-halves-wrapper reviews_has_halves\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Otkrytyj-interes-po-ethereum-fyuchersam-na-cme-5.webp\" alt=\"Otkrytyj-interes-po-ethereum-fyuchersam-na-cme-5\" class=\"wp-image-195252\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Open interest in Ethereum futures on CME. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cftc.gov\/dea\/futures\/deacmesf.htm\">CFTC<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-half review_half\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Ethereum-fyuchersy-na-cme-pozitsii-non-commercial-i-commercial-i-obshhee-chislo-igrokov.webp\" alt=\"Ethereum-fyuchersy-na-cme-pozitsii-non-commercial-i-commercial-i-obshhee-chis\u043b\u043e-igrokov\" class=\"wp-image-195253\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Ethereum-fyuchersy-na-cme-pozitsii-non-commercial-i-commercial-i-obshhee-chislo-igrokov.webp 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Ethereum-fyuchersy-na-cme-pozitsii-non-commercial-i-commercial-i-obshhee-chis\u043b\u043e-igrokov-300x137.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Ethereum-fyuchersy-na-cme-pozitsii-non-commercial-i-commercial-i-obshhee-chislo-igrokov-768x351.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Ethereum-fyuchersy-na-cme-pozitsii-non-commercial-i-commercial-i-obshhee-chislo-igrokov.png 1097w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Ethereum futures on CME: Non-Commercial and Commercial positions and the total number of players. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cftc.gov\/dea\/futures\/deacmesf.htm\">CFTC<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>OI in Ethereum futures on CME also rose. This was particularly visible in autumn around the activation of The Merge in the mainnet of the second-largest cryptocurrency.<\/li>\n<li>Dynamics across all categories of players mirror those for Bitcoin futures \u2014 Longs and shorts are roughly balanced for Non-Commercial and Nonreportable, while Commercials favour shorts.<\/li>\n<li>The overall number of Ethereum futures traders shows a rising trend.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Major venture rounds<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-monthly-reviews-main-blk review_single_blk\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"448\" src=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-10-venchurnyh-sdelok-2022-goda-1024x448.png\" alt=\"Top-10-venchurnyh-sdelok-2022-goda\" class=\"wp-image-195255\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-10-venchurnyh-sdelok-2022-goda-1024x448.png 1024w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-10-venchurnyh-sdelok-2022-goda-300x131.png 300w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-10-venchurnyh-sdelok-2022-goda-768x336.png 768w, https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Top-10-venchurnyh-sdelok-2022-goda.png 1181w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Major venture deals of 2022. Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/defillama.com\/raises\">DeFi Llama<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Despite the crisis, venture capital poured more than $30 billion into the blockchain ecosystem in 2022, according to Galaxy Digital. This nearly matched the previous 12 months\u2019 total of over $32 billion.<\/li>\n<li>Analysts noted a trend toward smaller deal sizes, with the average around $3 million by year-end. Mature companies captured about 40% of the total.<\/li>\n<li>Investors showed the strongest appetite for Web3 projects, as well as trading and financial platforms.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Year\u2019s end<\/h2>\n<div class=\"reviews_has_halves stretch has_articles\">\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Events_2022-min.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/events-and-trends-how-the-bitcoin-industry-changed-in-2022\">Events and trends: how Bitcoin industry changed in 2022<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>2022 proved to be a demanding year for the crypto industry\u2014from the collapse of leading assets to the downfall of large projects and empires. Here are the most significant events and trends of 2022.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022_mining-min.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/survival-game-what-happened-to-the-mining-industry-in-2022\">Survival mode: what happened with the mining industry in 2022<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>The paradoxical rise in Bitcoin\u2019s hashrate against falling prices, Ethereum\u2019s switch to Proof-of-Stake and the first large mining company bankruptcy \u2014 what happened to mining in 2022.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"reviews_has_halves stretch has_articles\">\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Best-materials-2022-min.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/black-swans-and-sanctions-forklogs-most-popular-materials-in-2022\">\u201cBlack swans\u201d and sanctions: ForkLog\u2019s most popular material in 2022<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>2022 will likely be remembered as one of the toughest years in modern history. The invasion of Ukraine, the bear market and other shocks affected the crypto market too. The most popular pieces are in this selection.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Global_regulations-min.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/sanctions-stablecoins-and-cbdcs-how-crypto-was-regulated-in-2022\">Regulations, stablecoins and CBDCs: how crypto regulation evolved in 2022<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>Regulators paid less attention to the crypto market in 2022 than in 2021, amid the prolonged crisis and macro factors. ForkLog examined how the regulatory landscape changed across 15 countries.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"reviews_has_halves stretch has_articles\">\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Defi_2022-min.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/2022-in-review-how-the-defi-sector-fared-amid-the-terra-and-ftx-crashes\">2022 review: how the DeFi segment withstood Terra and FTX collapses<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>2022 was rich in DeFi shocks and broader crypto shocks. Optimists\u2019 bold forecasts didn\u2019t pan out; the market\u2019s response to the Terra and FTX incidents is analysed here.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Sng_regulations.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/rules-for-miners-and-a-step-toward-taxation-how-post-soviet-states-regulated-the-bitcoin-market-in-2022\">Regulatory rules for miners and tax path: how post\u2011Soviet countries regulated the Bitcoin market in 2022<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>In 2022 several post\u2011Soviet states enacted baseline crypto regulation; others lagged behind awaiting clarity from Western regulators. We outline the main regulatory changes across 15 countries.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"reviews_has_halves stretch has_articles\">\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Defi_2022-min.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/2022-in-review-how-the-defi-sector-fared-amid-the-terra-and-ftx-crashes\">\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0438 2022: \u043a\u0430\u043a DeFi-\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0430 Terra \u0438 FTX<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044f\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f DeFi-\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c. \u0421\u043c\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437\u044b \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432-\u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433 \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0444\u043b\u0435\u0448\u043c\u043e\u0431 \u0441 \u00ab\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0438\u00bb. \u0412\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u2014 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435 ForkLog.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sng-regulations.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/rules-for-miners-and-a-step-toward-taxation-how-post-soviet-states-regulated-the-bitcoin-market-in-2022\">\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c: \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0438\u043d-\u0440\u044b\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0432 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>\u0412 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u043b baselines, \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435. \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0436\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u043a \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0443, \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u044f\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u041c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442 \u0432 15 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"reviews_has_halves stretch has_articles\">\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Defi_2022-min.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/2022-in-review-how-the-defi-sector-fared-amid-the-terra-and-ftx-crashes\">\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0438 2022: \u043a\u0430\u043a DeFi-\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0430 Terra \u0438 FTX<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044f\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f DeFi-\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c. \u0421\u043c\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437\u044b \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432-\u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433 \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0444\u043b\u0435\u0448\u043c\u043e\u0431 \u0441 \u00ab\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0438\u00bb. \u0412\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u2014 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435 ForkLog.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sng_regulations.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/rules-for-miners-and-a-step-toward-taxation-how-post-soviet-states-regulated-the-bitcoin-market-in-2022\">\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c: \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0438\u043d-\u0440\u044b\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0432 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>\u0412 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u043b \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u044b, \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435. \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0436\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u043a \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0443, \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u041c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442 \u0432 15 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"reviews_has_halves stretch has_articles\">\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/forklog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Defi_2022-min.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/2022-in-review-how-the-defi-sector-fared-amid-the-terra-and-ftx-crashes\">\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0438 2022: \u043a\u0430\u043a DeFi-\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0430 Terra \u0438 FTX<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044f\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f DeFi-\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c. \u0421\u043c\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437\u044b \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432-\u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433 \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0444\u043b\u0435\u0448\u043c\u043e\u0431 \u0441 \u00ab\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0438\u00bb. \u0412\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u2014 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435 ForkLog.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"review_half\">\n<div class=\"review_article_blk\">\n<div class=\"review_article_image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sng_regulations.webp);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forklog.com\/en\/news\/rules-for-miners-and-a-step-toward-taxation-how-post-soviet-states-regulated-the-bitcoin-market-in-2022\">\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c: \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0438\u043d-\u0440\u044b\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0432 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p>\u0412 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u043b \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u044b, \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435. \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0436\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u043a \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0443, \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u041c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442 \u0432 15 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The 2022 year in review is complete, but now it\u2019s time to take a look at the numbers \u2014 presenting ForkLog\u2019s annual report on the key changes across segments of the industry.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":72438,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"select":"1","news_style_id":"4","cryptorium_level":"","_short_excerpt_text":"ForkLog\u2019s year in review highlights the key shifts across crypto sectors in 2022.","creation_source":"","_metatest_mainpost_news_update":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1144],"tags":[1740,1179,167],"class_list":["post-72437","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-longreads","tag-bitcoin-industry-in-numbers","tag-layer-2-solutions","tag-research"],"aioseo_notices":[],"amp_enabled":true,"views":"59","promo_type":"1","layout_type":"4","short_excerpt":"ForkLog\u2019s year in review highlights the key shifts across crypto sectors in 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